A cupcake is a single-serving baked good that is typically topped with frosting. It’s often used as a dessert, but can also be paired with fruit or other sweet ingredients for savory dishes as well. Cupcakes are usually made in specialized pans and bake at lower temperatures than regular cake layers, which allows for even rise and prevents the outer edges of the cake from browning too quickly. They can also be decorated with icing and candies for birthdays, weddings, and other special occasions.
The term cupcake originally referred to a small cake baked in individual pottery cups, ramekins, or molds before muffin tins were widely available. It later grew to refer to any kind of individually-sized cake. Cupcakes are generally made with a higher ratio of sugar and fat than traditional cakes, resulting in a lighter batter with a smooth, flat top ideal for decorating.
Because they are smaller and more dense, cupcakes bake at a lower temperature and have a shorter baking time than traditional cake. The lower heat helps to retain moisture and create a lighter batter with a smooth, dense top ideal for frosting. Unlike traditional layer cakes, which are usually made with a buttermilk or lemon zest-based batter, cupcakes typically use a basic cake mix, which is easier to handle and requires less liquid.
A cupcake’s texture can vary between soft and smooth, or denser and more bread-like depending on the recipe. Cupcake recipes that call for a creaming method begin by beating butter and sugar together, then add wet and dry ingredients in stages, beating between each addition. This results in a lighter batter with a soft, smooth, and more uniform texture. Muffin recipes that use a more traditional mixing method, which mixes wet and dry ingredients separately, result in a denser batter with a thicker, coarser texture.
Cupcakes can be flavored in many different ways, from the classics like chocolate and vanilla to more creative options such as herb-infused, potato chip, or peanut butter. They can also be stuffed with various fillings, including cream, compote, or jam. They are commonly served as a dessert, but can also be used for savory dishes or as appetizers when paired with an appropriate sauce or filling.
Almost any cake recipe can be transformed into a cupcake, but certain sponge cakes, tortes, and yeast-based quick breads may not translate well. Muffins, on the other hand, are more specifically a type of bread that is made using a leavening agent and can be either sweet or savory. Almost any type of muffin can be turned into a cupcake with some simple adjustments to the recipe and cooking methods.
While there are many ways to make a cupcake, some common ingredient substitutions include substituting vegetable oil for the butter, and whole-wheat flour for the all-purpose flour, for a healthier option. Plain kefir can also be used as a substitute for buttermilk, at a ratio of 1 cup milk to 1 Tbsp of kefir.